Andorra,
officially the Principality of Andorra is a sovereign landlocked microstate on
the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France to the north
and Spain to the south.
Believed to have been created by Charlemagne,
Andorra was ruled by the count of Urgell until 988, when it was transferred to
the Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell. The present principality was formed by a
charter in 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a diarchy headed by two
princes: the Bishop of Urgell in Catalonia, Spain, and the President of the
French Republic.
Andorra is
the sixth-smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 square kilometres
(181 sq mi) and a population of approximately 77,006. The Andorran people are a
Romance ethnic group of originally Catalan descent.
Andorra is the 16th-smallest country in the
world by land and the 11th-smallest by population. Its capital, Andorra la
Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres
(3,356 feet) above sea level. The official language is Catalan, but Spanish,
Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.
Tourism in
Andorra sees an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually. Andorra is not a
member of the European Union, but the euro is its official currency. It has
been a member of the United Nations since 1993. In 2013, Andorra had the
highest life expectancy in the world at 81 years, according to the Global
Burden of Disease Study.
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