The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by Ernest Hemingway about
a group of American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the
Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the
bullfights.
An early and enduring modernist novel, it received mixed
reviews upon publication. Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers writes that it is
"recognized as Hemingway's greatest work", and Hemingway scholar
Linda Wagner-Martin calls it his most important novel.
Hemingway began writing the novel on his birthday (21 July)
in 1925, finishing the draft manuscript barely two months later in September. The
basis for the novel was Hemingway's 1925 trip to Spain. The setting was unique
and memorable, showing seedy café life in Paris, and the excitement of the
Pamplona festival, with a middle section devoted to descriptions of a fishing
trip in the Pyrenees.
The characters are based on real people of Hemingway's
circle and the action is based on real events. In the novel, Hemingway presents
his notion that the "Lost Generation", considered to have been
decadent, dissolute and irretrievably damaged by World War I, was resilient and
strong. Additionally, Hemingway investigates the themes of love, death, renewal
in nature, and the nature of masculinity.
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